Wednesday, May 31, 2017

What to Say to Someone With Cancer

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Cancer can be a tricky subject to navigate. For friends and loved ones, it can feel like you just don’t know what to say when you learn that someone in your life has gotten a cancer diagnosis or is going through treatment. For those with cancer, it can be frustrating to feel like everyone is handling you with extreme care and not treating you like the same person you were – and still are.
Communication during this time can be awkward for everyone involved. People have an overwhelming amount of sympathy toward each other, yet they just don’t know what to say to make the situation better. They don’t know exactly what the person with cancer is going through, and they don’t want to say the wrong thing.
This mentality is frustrating for cancer patients who just want some normalcy in their currently tumultuous life. So how can friends and family make the best of these situations?
My advice is always just be honest with them. Say, “I want to help you and be here for you, but I don’t know what to say. What can I do?” That way, the patient can express what they’re looking for. If they want to talk about their condition, talk about that with them. If they just want to talk about baseball, talk baseball.
For friends and family, it can feel inconsiderate to talk about the things you do in your everyday life that your loved one with cancer might not get to do right now – working out, going out for dinner with friends or even making a trip to the grocery store might make patients feel nostalgic for life pre-cancer.
In my experience, most patients would rather hear about what’s going on in the lives of their loved ones. They don’t want to be treated as a “sick person” any more than they already are.
What Not to Say
Each person’s experience, cancer diagnosis and treatment plan is unique – so one important thing to remember is to avoid comparisons or assuming you understand what someone is going through.
I advise people not to say, ‘When my mom had cancer …’ or ‘When I went through treatment …’ because it’s totally different from what the patient is going through. I see many patients get upset by these comments because their condition and treatment is solely theirs, and hearing about a friend’s experience with lung cancer – while important in its own right – is not similar to the cancer they are currently battling.
If you feel you’ve offended someone, be straightforward in your apology to your loved one. Let them know you didn’t mean to hurt their feelings and that you are there to support them in whatever they need.
Don’t Take It Personally
Cancer is a difficult battle to fight, and comes with its own stages of emotional processing. If you feel you can’t get through to your loved one, don’t take it personally.
It’s tough getting diagnosed with cancer and going through treatment. Patients miss their healthy lives, they may be embarrassed by how their body is responding to chemotherapy or radiation, or they may just feel like, ‘why me?’ If they lash out or withdraw, know that the bad days will pass. Support them as best you can, even if that means giving them space.
Cynthia Ulreich is an oncology-certified nurse practitioner working with cancer patients and their families at the Henry Ford Cancer Institute.
Whether you are going through cancer treatment or serve a loved one as a caregiver, there are resources to help you. Visit henryford.com/cancer to learn more.
Check out some of our other Henry Ford LiveWell blog articles on coping with cancer, like advice on getting better sleep while undergoing treatment, tips for cancer caregivers and more. And subscribe to receive weekly emails of our latest health and wellness articles. 

Thursday, May 18, 2017

Photo
After learning she had breast cancer, Raylene Hollrah of Hermann, Mo., had a double mastectomy. But then cancer struck again — caused by the implants used to rebuild her chest. CreditWhitney Curtis for The New York Times
To the Editor:
Re “They Got Breast Implants, Then a Rare Cancer” (front page, May 15):
The American Society of Plastic Surgeons has a singular focus on patient safety, and we appreciate your reporter’s shining a bright light on this rare lymphoma.
In 2011, the society began collaborating with the Food and Drug Administration to better understand breast-implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. We commissioned a RAND study that brought together government, plastic surgeons, epidemiologists, oncologists and others to evaluate the known data regarding the etiology of this disease.
The society, in partnership with the F.D.A., started a national registry called Profile in 2012 to collect information on patients with this cancer to determine best practices for diagnosis and treatment. The disease is so rare that data-gathering is a slow process.
We regularly communicate with our members in our publications, conferences and email and on plasticsurgery.org/alcl regarding updates on this disease. We fund multiple research projects to further delineate this disease process.Continue reading the main story
Breast-implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma has been part of our informed-consent document for breast implants since 2012, and we continue to encourage members to frankly discuss this risk with patients.
In the interest of patient safety, we will continue our diligence with the F.D.A. regarding this disease.
DEBRA JOHNSON, SACRAMENTO
The writer is president of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/17/opinion/breast-implants-and-cancer-plastic-surgeons-weigh-in.html?mabReward=CTM5&recp=1&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&region=CColumn&module=Recommendation&src=rechp&WT.nav=RecEngine&_r=0

Tuesday, May 2, 2017


CRISPR gene-editing tool targets cancer's "command center"


Researchers have used CRISPR-Cas9 to target DNA sequences specific to cancer, shrinking tumors and improving the ...
Researchers have used CRISPR-Cas9 to target DNA sequences specific to cancer, shrinking tumors and improving the survival rates of cancer-stricken mice (Credit:vchalup2/Depositphotos)
The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system can do some pretty amazing things, giving us new ways to fight muscular dystrophyblindness, and even HIV. But at the top of its hit list is cancer, and now researchers from the University of Pittsburgh have used the tool to target what they call cancer's command center, in a treatment that's been shown in mice to shrink aggressive tumors and increase survival rates without harming healthy cells.
The technique works by targeting fusion genes, mutations created when two separate genes combine into one hybrid that often leads to cancer. In previous work, the team found that a fusion gene known as MAN2A1-FER was associated with cancer of the prostate, liver, lungs and ovaries, and it helps the tumors grow and spread.

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But the unique DNA fingerprint of fusion genes could be their own undoing. CRISPR-Cas9 is used to target specific DNA sequences and replace them with something else, so delivering the gene editing tool through viruses, the researchers were able to seek out these fusion gene patterns and replace them with cancer-killing genes instead. The other upside is that, unlike conventional treatments like chemotherapy, the new approach will only attack cancer cells, leaving healthy cells undamaged.
In the University of Pittsburgh study, the team transplanted human prostate and liver cancer cells into mice, then treated one group with the CRISPR tool that targets those fusion genes. As a result, the tumors shrunk by up to 30 percent, didn't spread through the body, and the animals all survived to the end of the eight-week test. Meanwhile, in a control group that received the same treatment targeting fusion genes that weren't present in their bodies, the tumors grew almost 40 times larger and in most cases, spread to other parts of the body. None of the control group survived to the end of the test period.
CRISPR-Cas9 has already been put to work in human trials, but these involved editing human immune cells to better fight cancer. The new technique goes over the heads of the "foot soldiers" of the battle and instead targets the "command center" directly.
"This is the first time that gene editing has been used to specifically target cancer fusion genes," says Jian-Hua Luo, lead author of the study. " It is really exciting because it lays the groundwork for what could become a totally new approach to treating cancer. Other types of cancer treatments target the foot soldiers of the army. Our approach is to target the command center, so there is no chance for the enemy's soldiers to regroup in the battlefield for a comeback."
While the current work shows that the technique can cause the cancer cells to go into remission, the researchers plan to test whether it could be used to completely wipe it out instead.
The research was published in the journal Nature Biotechnology.